OK, I have been thinking about this and I think I got it.
Before I start, I'm not trying to tell everyone somthing they already know, I'm trying to work this out and in the proses, maybe some other members might get a better understanding of how this works as well as me.
If you were to take two tires with the same width and weight but different heights and apply them to the same gears, the difference in the equations would be revolution of tire per axle turn. Isn't that what ratios are all about. Picking your tire size and then selecting the correct gears to effectively put your motor in the proper power band to operate your vehicle. Keeping everything else relatively the same except height (weight and friction changes this a little and contributes some) your ratio changes from lets say 3.73-1 to 4.10-1 due to the longer revolution of the taller tire. This effectively changes the ratio without changing the gears and puts the motor out of it's power band. This is why it performs sluggishly and gives poor gas mileage.
As 2000Sahara said...
QuoteAdding Bigger tires without regearing takes the engine out of its optimal power range. For example, you will have to bring your rpm's up a bit more to get the tire moving from a dead stop due to its larger diameter and weight. By bringing the rpm up you are taking the engine above its power band, causing it to feel sluggish. On the other hand once you are moving down the highway at speed your engine may be running at a lower rpm which would usually mean better mileage however, because of the larger diameter and weight and improper gearing you need a bit more throttle to get moving...Hence poor gas mileage and wear and tear.
I think I'm starting to understand this now. Rolling resistance/friction and additional tire weight does play a small part and only makes this worse, but is not the main culprit.
How am I doing so far?